Background: The use of Internet has become a common phenomenon among students all over the world. Today, the Internet is used for many purposes, including education. However, excessive Internet use leads to the creation of a nonchemical addiction similar in nature to substance abuse, known as 'internet addiction.' This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude toward Internet addiction among undergraduates in Benin City. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among undergraduate students at the University of Benin. Respondents were selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique comprising three stages. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Knowledge was assessed using six domains, while attitude was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analysed with IBM SPSS version 22.0. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Four-hundred and ninety-nine respondents with a mean age (standard deviation) of 20.5 ± 2.7 years participated in this study. The majority, 403 (81.4%) of respondents had a good knowledge of Internet addiction. A higher proportion of 296 (59.3%) of respondents had a negative attitude (averse) towards Internet addiction. The course of the study (P < 0.001), living in the hostel (P = 0.034) associated with good knowledge and negative attitude toward Internet addiction. Conclusion: The study showed a good knowledge and negative attitude toward Internet addiction among the studied population. Continuous education on the healthy use of the Internet is recommended.

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Context: Wide application of the Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale (QVAS) is hamstrung by dearth or lack of its translations into other languages. Aims: This study was aimed to translate and determine the psychometric properties of the Yoruba version of the QVAS (QVAS-Y). Materials and Methods: The translation process involved forward-translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert review and pre-final testing. The English QVAS and QVAS-Y were administered to 100 consenting patients with chronic low back pain to determine the validity of the new translation, while 51 of the respondents completed the QVAS-Y again after 7 days for test–retest reliability. The Oswestry Disability Index was used to test its external validity. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The concurrent validity score for QVAS-Y was r = 0.896, P = 0.001, and ranges between 0.465 (lowest) and 0.856 (highest) for items 4 and 1, respectively. The QVAS-Y has moderate external validity (r = 0.341; P = 0.001) and its reliability value was 0.622 and ranges between 0.465 and 0.668 per item. The Cronbach's alpha for the QVAS-Y was 0.767 and ranges between 0.635 and 0.801 per item. Conclusion: The concurrent validity, reliability and internal consistency of the QVAS-Y are adequate to assess pain among Yoruba population.

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Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorder among adults, but how parental sociodemographic factors associated with the prevalence of LBP among adolescents is still under investigation. Materials and Methods: Eight schools were selected randomly; from each school, 100 students were consecutively selected amounting to 800 participants for the study. LBP questionnaire from a study of Chiwaridzo and Naidoo was adopted for the research. The Likert scale questionnaire was administered to each participant and collected as soon as it was completed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: The results showed that 710 questionnaires, which were 88.7% of the total, were analysable. More than 46% of the participants recorded LBP in the last 1 year. There was significant association between occurrence of LBP and each of family history of LBP (χ^[2] = 13.357, P = 0.000), fathers' occupation (χ^[2] = 13.357, P = 0.000) and education (χ^[2] = 13.357, P = 0.000); mothers' occupation (χ^[2] = 13.357, P = 0.000) and education (χ^[2] = 13.357, P = 0.000). Prediction equation for the occurrence of LBP is: Y = K + B (Occupation) + C (Education) + D (LBP in the family). The r^[2] value was 0.473 interpreting that the percentage contribution of these factors to the prediction of LBP among adolescents was 47.3%. Conclusion: The study showed that prevalence of pain at low back was 46% among 10–14 years' adolescents. Some parental sociodemographic variables may contribute to the occurrence of LBP among adolescents.

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Introduction: The practice of forensic medicine essentially integrates medical knowledge, autopsy pathology and the principles of medical law to address the concerns of the law courts with regard to the medicolegal investigation of deaths in coroner's cases. The coroner's autopsy is a derivative of legal practice, and the pathologist should defer to meet the needs of the requesting legal authorities. Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective review of the medicolegal reports of cases seen in the jurisdiction of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Conplex, Ile-Ife over a period of 11 years. The reports were analysed for the vital components of the coroners' autopsy cases that ultimately determine the opinion which is the summary and conclusion of the cases. Such components include the proximate, intermediate and immediate causes of death, circumstances of death and pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in death. The appropriateness of the opinion of death with regard to the manner of death was also assessed based on the medicolegal certainty. Results: In all, 102 cases were analysed, within the age range of 5–85 years, including 75 males and 27 females giving a male-to-female ratio of 2.8:1. There were 10 cases (9.8%) classifiable as deaths from natural diseases, 49 cases (48%) from accidents, including 48 cases of road traffic accident and one from aircraft crash, 30 cases (29.4%) of homicides, 1 (0.98%) case of suicide 1 (0.98%) case of electrocution and 11 (10.8%) cases of misadventure and indeterminate categories. Conclusions: The role of the forensic pathology is crucial in guiding the law courts in determining the outcome of medicolegal cases. The pathologist is therefore obligated to exercise due diligence at all the stages of the autopsy to answer the relevant questions that will enable the court to give appropriate verdict, devoid of miscarriage of justice.

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Bone grafting techniques often constitute the mainstay of treatment used in the restoration of the atrophic maxillary bone before the placement of dental implants. Bone grafting can be achieved with various types of grafting materials; natural or synthetic, though, autogenous bone grafts are still considered the gold standard because of their osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. The present case report describes the case of a 35-year-old female patient who presented with missing right maxillary central incisor secondary to trauma. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed a severe bone defect requiring a bone augmentation procedure. Hence, guided bone regeneration of the maxillary defect was planned with simultaneous placement of endosseous implant. The present case report, thus, demonstrates the successful use of vertical and horizontal bone augmentation procedures conducted with the help of guided tissue regeneration and simultaneous endosseous implant placement.

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We report a 36-h-old very low birth weight female baby (Birth weight 1.1 kg) who was delivered at 29-week gestation. She developed respiratory distress at 4 h of life, in addition to reduced activity, recurrent apnoea, tensed anterior fontanel, progressively increasing occipitofrontal circumference and dramatic fall in haematocrit. Baseline Transfontanelle ultrasound scan (TFUSS) showed blood in the lateral ventricle extending to the parietal cortex with ventricular enlargement of >50%. Repeat TFUSS at 8 weeks showed Grade 3 periventricular leucomalacia.

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