Context: Unhealthy eating habits combined with risky lifestyle behaviour developed early in life, may over a long time, increase the risk of developing a chronic non-communicable disease, such as cancer. The level of knowledge and understanding of cancer risk factors influences an individual's decision to adopt preventive measures. The assessment of this vital information has received much less attention among university undergraduates. Aim: This study assessed the nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention and nutritional practices of undergraduates. Settings and Design: The study was done in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, using a descriptive cross-sectional study design. Materials and Methods: A sample of 400 undergraduates completed the semi-structured self-administered questionnaire used for the study. Questions cover sociodemographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge of cancer prevention, nutritional practices and nutritional status of undergraduates. The resulting data were analysed using IBM SPSS (version 22). Results: The mean age standard deviation of the respondents was 20.7 (±2.5) years and were mostly (57.0%) in their 2^nd year of the study. Half had good knowledge of foods that are protective against cancer; 61%–81% consumed whole grains, foods of animal origin and added salts thrice or more per week, whereas fruits and vegetables, legumes and nuts, were less consumed per week (25%–34%). Waist-hip-ratio revealed that 51% were at risk of malnutrition. There were statistically significant relationships between nutrition knowledge and intake of fruits, vegetable, foods of animal origin, coffee and physical exercise at P < 0.05. Conclusion: This study shows that the level of nutrition-related cancer prevention knowledge of the participants was average. Public health interventions should focus on the promotion of healthy nutritional practices and lifestyles in the population.

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Background: Electricity utility workers are often exposed to various types and degrees of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). However, there seems to be a neglect or underreporting of WMSDs amongst them in developing countries, including Nigeria. Hence, this study investigated the prevalence and pattern of WMSDs amongst electric utility workers in Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a 68-item questionnaire was conducted amongst 180 electricity utility workers in selected electric power companies in Lagos, Nigeria. Data collected included sociodemographic variables of respondents, 12-month and point prevalence of WMSDs as well as psychosocial risk factors of WMSDs. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) and their impacts on work performance of respondents were evaluated. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The 12-month prevalence of WMSDs amongst the respondents was 78.9%, while the point prevalence was 53.3%. The wrist/hand, lower back and the shoulders in descending order were the body parts most affected. Age and work experience had a significant association (P < 0.05) with the prevalence of WMSDs. Psychosocial risk factors had no association with the occurrence of WMSDs. However, a significant association (P < 0.05) was found between perceived physical work demand and prevalence of WMSDs. Furthermore, a significant association (P < 0.05) was found between each of the DASH with prevalence of WMSDs. Conclusion: A high proportion of electric utility workers presented with WMSDs of which the wrist/hand was the most affected body part. Ergonomic interventions may have a great impact in the prevention of WMSDs amongst electricity workers.

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Background: Hypertension remains one of the important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and a major global public health problem. Left ventricular hypertrophy is a recognised complication of systemic hypertension and strongly predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Nigeria, few studies have tested the sensitivity and specificity of multiple electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria in the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) amongst hypertensives although it is a commonly used diagnostic method. This study sets out to determine the sensitivity and specificity various ECG criteria of LVH amongst patients with hypertension. Methodology: One hundred and seventy-eight hypertensives were recruited consecutively into the study. They all had ECG done using standard methodology. They all had echocardiography done to assess the presence of echocardiographic LVH. ECG-LVH was determined using various ECG criteria. Results: The various ECG criteria for the diagnosis of LVH were lower in sensitivities (23.5%–38.6%) compared to specificities (64.1%–72.9%). The Cornell voltage (CV) criterion had the combination of the highest sensitivity and specificity at 38.6% and 72.9%, respectively. The Massoleini criterion (MC) had similar values with CV criteria with sensitivity of 38.6% and specificity of 72.9%. The Romhilt criterion had a high specificity of 64.1% but low in sensitivity (23.5%). The sensitivity and specificity obtained for Sokolow–Lyon (SL) criterion were 28.9% and 64.0%, respectively. The corresponding values for Cornell product criterion were 34.6% and 69.4%, whereas those of Goldberger criterion were 34.4% and 68.0%. The prevalence of echocardiographic LVH was 32.4%. Conclusion: CV, SL and MC ECG criteria had the best combination of sensitivities and specificities and therefore are good testing criteria for LVH in patients with hypertension.

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A case of a 52-year-old woman presented with non-specific symptoms: generalised weakness, loss of appetite and left leg pain of about a week duration. She later developed nephrotic syndrome, cardiomegaly with arrhythmias, adrenal insufficiency, cutaneous amyloid, with consolidation on chest X-ray and hepatomegaly. She had a renal biopsy that revealed renal amyloidosis. She was treated with thalidomide, bortezomib, methylprednisolone, ranitidine and allopurinol without significant improvement. Amyloidosis is a rare disease that requires a high index of suspicion. She may have responded if she had been diagnosed early, and hence, early diagnosis is a key in successful management.

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Objectives: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) increases maternal and perinatal complications including maternal anaemia and foetal growth restriction (FGR). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) indices obtained using Doppler ultrasound are an important tool in predicting the onset of FGR and perinatal mortality in MiP since ultrasound is cheap, readily available, noninvasive and radiation free. We aimed at comparing foetal MCA Doppler indices in pregnant women with and without malaria. The effect of parasitaemia level on these indices was also evaluated. Methods: Fifty-eight foetuses of women with MiP and 100 foetuses of age and gestational age matched apparently healthy controls between 24 and 40 weeks were consecutively recruited from the antenatal clinic of our hospital between January and December 2018. Venous blood was taken for peripheral blood film to diagnose and quantify malaria parasitaemia. Foetal MCA Doppler indices of both MiP subjects and controls were determined using real time 2.5–5.5 MHz diagnostic ultrasound machine with Doppler facility. Results: Mean foetal MCA resistive index, pulsatility index, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity, and systolic-diastolic ratio for MiP subjects were 0.81 ± 0.05, 1.65 ± 0.24, 48.31 ± 14.16, 9.72 ± 4.18 and 5.53 ± 1.34 while those for controls were 0.84 ± 0.04, 1.88 ± 0.19, 51.43 ± 11.41, 8.24 ± 2.51 and 6.51 ± 1.02, respectively. Apart from PSV (P = 0.132), other indices evaluated showed statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.01). None of the parameters showed significance association with the level of parasitaemia. Conclusion: MiP causes detectable changes in the foetal MCA Doppler indices which may indicate foetal distress and also suggest FGR.

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